This examination helps buyers make an informed decision when purchasing a horse. Although it cannot predict the future, it does provide objective information about the horse’s current health and suitability for intended use.
There is no standard protocol as the examination is tailored to what you – the buyer – want and what your intended goals are with the horse. Do you want to show first then breed the animal in a few years? If so, a reproductive assessment may be a critical part of the examination. Are you buying to hopefully resell at a later date? If so, radiographic findings may be more significant.
Typical pre-purchase examinations consist of the following:
- A medical and athletic history, if relevant, is obtained from the seller.
- A comprehensive physical examination is then performed during which the body condition, conformation, eyes, teeth, musculoskeletal, neurological, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems are assessed.
- Limbs are palpated for heat, pain, and swelling.
- Hooves are tested for sensitivity with hoof testers.
- During the examination, the horse’s behaviour is also noted.
The horse is then evaluated at different gaits, in hand and on a longe line, on both soft and hard ground, and any abnormalities are recorded.
Flexion tests are then performed on the limbs. The joints are held in a flexed position for a short period of time and then released as the horse is trotted forward. Flexion exacerbates degenerative processes within the joint, which will be seen as lameness. Listening to the heart and lungs after exercise also occurs.
Further diagnostic tests depend on findings in the first part of the exam and the intended use of the horse. Radiographs of the limbs are often taken to evaluate current issues and issues that may become a problem. Upper airway endoscopy and tendon/ligament ultrasounds can also be performed if abnormalities are suspected based on the physical examination. A full reproductive examination may also be performed depending on the future use of the horse. Blood may be taken for laboratory testing if certain conditions are of concern, such as endocrine abnormalities or muscle problems, or for medication testing.
Buying a horse is a big investment in time, money, and emotion. Talk to our veterinarians today and see how we can help.
