Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) therapy is a relatively new and exciting field of veterinary medicine known as regenerative medicine. Since tendon and ligament injuries heal slowly and with less strength, equine veterinarians sought better ways to help them heal. They turned to areas of human medicine, namely, sports medicine and dentistry, and discovered the benefits of PRP therapy. In equine sports medicine, PRP therapy is used primarily to treat tendon and ligament injuries and, more recently, osteoarthritis.
Platelets are cellular fragments found in the blood stream that have an important role in blood clotting. When activated they release growth factors that can aid in healing by forming new blood vessels, bringing inflammatory cells to the injured area, and forming connective tissue.
A blood sample is taken from the horse’s jugular vein and the platelets are harvested using a filter system or centrifuge to concentrate the numbers. The platelets are then injected in the injured area within the hour. Using an ultrasound-guided technique, sedation and a local nerve block are injected into tendons and ligaments. Joints are prepared for injection in the usual manner. Since the platelets originate from the horse’s own blood, there is no risk of rejection by the horse’s immune system. Sometimes mild inflammatory reactions occur, but the procedure is considered very safe.
After treatment of a tendon or ligament, the injury is monitored by repeated ultrasound examination at prescribed intervals. A rehabilitation program detailing the level of exercise is also prescribed.
Although this is a very promising therapy, it may not be right for all horses. Please discuss your horse’s needs with us and see if he is a candidate for PRP therapy.
